PhysicsLAB: MCAS 2019 Session 2

MCAS Physics Exams
MCAS 2019 Session 2

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A. The aluminum transfers heat to the water mostly by conduction, and within the water, heat is transferred mostly by radiation.
B. The aluminum transfers heat to the water mostly by conduction, and within the water, heat is transferred mostly by convection.
C. The aluminum transfers heat to the water mostly by radiation, and within the water, heat is transferred mostly by conduction.
D. The aluminum transfers heat to the water mostly by radiation, and within the water, heat is transferred mostly by convection.

A. The speed of cart Y is half the speed of cart X.
B. The speed of cart Y is the same as the speed of cart X.
C. The speed of cart Y is two times the speed of cart X.
D. The speed of cart Y is four times the speed of cart X.

A. absorptionB. diffractionC. reflectionD. refraction

A. light waveB. microwaveC. radio waveD. sound wave

A. 0.4 m/s²B. 2.5 m/s²C. 6 m/s²D. 60 m/s²

A. An electric current in the wire produces a magnetic field.
B. An electric current in the wire produces a potential difference.
C. A magnetic field can produce an electric current in the wire.
D. A magnetic field can produce an electric current in steel paper clips.

A. 7,700 m/sB. 10,500 m/sC. 11,900 m/sD. 14,700 m/s

A. the mass of the ball
B. the distance the ball travels
C. the velocity of the ball just before it hits the ground
D. the kinetic energy of the ball just as the spring is fully released

A. students W and XB. students X and YC. students Y and ZD. students Z and W

A. 0.25 mB. 0.76 mC. 1.31 mD. 4.05 m

A. Sound generally travels at a faster speed in solid substances than in liquid substances.
B. Sound generally travels at a faster speed in gaseous substances than in liquid substances.
C. Sound generally travels at a slower speed when the temperature of a substance is increased.
D. Sound generally travels at a slower speed when the temperature of a substance is decreased.

A. 20 NB. 40 NC. 60 ND. 80 N

A. 20°CB. 30°CC. 35°CD. 50°C

A. The sound waves required a medium for travel, but the light waves did not.
B. The low-energy sound waves were scattered by dust particles, but the high-energy light waves were not.
C. The high-energy sound waves were absorbed by the Moon’s surface, and they were converted into visible light waves.
D. The sound waves arrived at Earth much later than the light waves, so they were not perceived as coming from the Moon.

A. The mass of the object is increasing.
B. The object has a displacement of zero.
C. The object has a constant acceleration.
D. The net force acting on the object is decreasing.

A. The force of gravity acts on the person.
B. The force of friction acts on the person.
C. The force of inertia fails to keep the person in motion.
D. The normal force is greater than the friction force that acts on the person.

A. Volume of Particles (m³)
B. Mass of One Particle (kg)
C. Charge of One Particle (C)
D. Distance between Particles (m)

A. only property 1B. only properties 1 and 2C. only properties 2 and 3D. only property 3

Open-Response Questions

BE SURE TO ANSWER AND LABEL ALL PARTS OF THE QUESTION.
Show all your work (diagrams, tables, or computations) in your Student Answer Booklet.
If you do the work in your head, explain in writing how you did the work.

Refer to the following information for the next three questions.

Inflatable launchers are large, air-filled bags that float on the surface of the water at lakes, water parks, and community pools. A launcher works by transferring energy from one person to another. A person sitting on a launcher is launched into the air when another person jumps onto the bag. The diagram shows a boy and a girl using an inflatable launcher at a lake.

The 75 kg girl is standing on a platform 15 m above the top of the launcher.

a. Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the girl relative to the top of the launcher. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.

The girl steps off the platform and lands on the launcher.

b. Describe how the girl’s kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy change during the time interval that begins when she steps off the platform and ends just before she lands on the launcher.

The boy is launched several meters into the air but wants to be launched higher.

c. Describe one change that could be made so that the boy would be launched higher. Explain your reasoning.

Refer to the following information for the next four questions.

A student heated 235 g of water in a beaker until the water reached 100°C. The student removed the beaker from the heat and placed the beaker on a counter in a 23°C room. The student recorded the temperature of the water every 4 minutes for 20 minutes. The data are shown in the table.

a. Did heat flow from the air to the water or from the water to the air? Include data from the table to support your answer.

b. Identify the average temperature of the air in the room at 20 min.

c. Were the water and the air in thermal equilibrium at 20 min? Explain your answer.

The specific heat of water is 4.19 J/g°C

d. Calculate the change in thermal energy of the water from 0 min to 20 min. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.

Refer to the following information for the next four questions.

Circuit X has the same total resistance as circuit W, but circuit X has only one resistor, R4.

a. Calculate the resistance of R₄. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.

b. Calculate the current through R4. Show your calculations and include units in your answer.

Another circuit, Y, has the same battery and resistor as circuit X but also has another resistor, R₅, as shown.

c. Determine whether adding R₅ increases or decreases the total current in circuit Y. Explain your reasoning.

d. In your Student Answer Booklet, copy circuit Y. On your circuit, add a third resistor labeled “R_new” in a location that will not change the current through R₄.